The ore properties ol a pegmatite-type lithium polymetallic deposit in Henan are complex and the beneliciation perlormance are not ideal. In this paper, advanced technical means such as AMCIS and LA-ICP-MS has been utilized to study on process mineralogy ol the ore. It was found that the occurrence state ol lithium was extremely complex, in addition to the occurrence ol lithium in spodumene, a considerable part ol lithium was also distributed in muscovite, cookeite, amblygonite and elbaite, while the lithium content ol spodumene was also low, which was the main factor allecting the lithium beneliciation perlormance. At the same time, through the mineralogical investigation of the lithium concentrate and tailings, it was found that lithium concentrate contains a certain amount of felsic minerals, while spodumene lost to tailings mainly exists in the lorm of monomer, part of which are coarse. Adjusting the reagent system and optimizing the grinding process was recommended to further improve the recovery potential ol lithium. <摘要译文>