辽宁省金矿床周边表层土壤重金属超标主要是由金矿开采造成的,且与矿床成因类型密切相关。韧性剪切带型金矿周边表层土壤中超标重金属组合(各元素报出率)为:Cr (100%) + Cu (100%) + Ni (82%) + Cd (65%) + Pb (17%);变质–岩浆热液叠生型金矿的为:Cd (100%) + As (100%) + Pb (100%) + Zn (100%) + Cu (100%) + Cr (79%) + Ni (29%) + Hg (21%);陆相火山岩型金矿的为:Cd (90%) + Cu (90%) + Pb (70%) + As (40%) + Zn (40%) + Hg (10%) + Ni (10%) + Cr (10%);岩浆热液型的为:Cu (100%) + Cd (100%) + Pb (100%) + Cr (100%) + Ni (100%) + Hg (75%) + As (75%)。超标重金属元素组合与矿床成因特征对应良好。