The high costs associated with exploration and development has hindered the extensive exploitation of geothermal energy, a renewable resource, compared to solar, wind, and biomass energy. Therefore, we conducted a thorough analysis and evaluation of the Lower Benue Trough's geothermal potential using high-resolution radiometric data and remote sensing techniques to assess absorbed terrestrial radiation and other critical parameters. For the study area, a forty-year remote sensing dataset (1980–2019) from MERRA-2 and aero-radiometric data provided by Fugro were used. Data interpretation employed software tools such as Oasis Montaj, ArcGIS, Surfer, Microsoft Excel, IIwis, and Matlab. The highest observed heat catchment magnitude was 334.198 W/m2. Results indicated that the Lower Benue Trough has an average Curie depth of 13.96742 km, a geothermal gradient of 159.4072 mW/m2, and a heat flow of 42.639 °C/km. The study also produced gamma spectrometric images showing radioactive elements like uranium, thorium, and potassium, as well as ternary maps and other analyses that were specific to the Lower Benue Trough.