The present work attempts to establish a robust Late Neogene-Quaternary planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy, integrated with magnetostratigraphy, at International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Hole U1474A in the Indian Ocean. This site records the evolution of the Agulhas Current (AC) and its response to the shifts in the subtropical front. We erected nine biozones based on the first and last occurrence of key planktic foraminiferal events, with a major cluster of these events between 4.85 and 1.15 Ma, which was in response to the transition from a warmer Pliocene to a cooler Pleistocene climate. The correlation of these events with other Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites reveals significant diachrony in response to the ingression of cold waters into the study area during the weakening of the AC. The refined biochronology enhances regional correlations and offers new insights into Southern Hemisphere climate dynamics during the Late Neogene–Quaternary.