Mineralogy and genesis of the Pb-Zn-Sb-Ag vein H32A in the Pribram uranium and base-metal district, Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic

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中文题名捷克波西米亚地块Pribram铀矿及贱金属矿Pb-Zn-Sb-Ag H32A矿脉的矿物学及成因
作者Dolnicek, Zdenek
作者单位Mining Museum Pribram
刊名ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS
2023
162
摘要
A detailed paragenetic, electron microprobe, fluid inclusion and S,C,O-isotope study was conducted on Pb-Zn-Sb-Ag mineralization of the vein H32A, Haje deposit, Pribram uranium and base-metal district, Czech Republic. The vein is hosted by folded Neo-Proterozoic sandstones and siltstones of the Tepla-Barrandian unit in exo-contact of the Central Bohemian Plutonic Complex of the Variscan age (354-335 Ma). The ore zone is close to a crustal-scale tectonic zone dividing two distinctly different basement blocks of the Bohemian Massif. A rich mineral assemblage consisting of 44 mineral phases formed during two major mineralization stages (siderite-sulphidic and calcite-sulphidic) widespread in the Pribram area. A complex history of the vein is evidenced from the presence of seven mineralization sub-stages and widespread repeated metasomatic replacement and dissolution of older vein during younger mineralizing events. The vein is dominated by carbonates (especially siderite-rhodochrosite, less frequently dolomite-ankerite-kutnohorite, rarely calcite), minor constituents are quartz, illite-muscovite, and chamosite (locally with up to 1.52 apfu Sb, 0.53 apfu Zn and 0.38 apfu Pb). Ore minerals are dominated by Ag-poor galena. The Fe-poor sphalerite, pyrrhotite, lollingite, arsenopyrite, Pb-Sb, Pb-Sb-Ag and Cu-Ag-Sb sulphosalts are subordinate phases and dyscrasite, native antimony and native arsenic are accessories. The fluid inclusion study revealed the wide ranges of homogenization temperatures (210-<100 degrees C) and salinities (0.0-30.5 wt% NaCl eq.) of exclusively aqueous fluid inclusions. General decrease of both parameters occurred during evolution of the vein. Sulphur isotope disequilibrium was found between co-existing galenas and sphalerites. The calculated fluid delta C-13 values range between -9.0 and -12.3 parts per thousand V-PDB, implying for a well-mixed source of carbon, or its significant re-cycling during processes of dissolution-reprecipitation of vein carbonates. The calculated fluid delta O-18 values are highly positive for early siderite (+7.2 to +9.6 parts per thousand V-SMOW), and near-zero for later dolomites and calcites (-2.9 to +3.2 parts per thousand V-SMOW). The siderite fluids likely represent deeply circulated waters, which underwent a significant isotope exchange with hot crustal rocks. Late low-salinity fluids were likely sourced from the Permian partly evaporated freshwater piedmont basins. The high-salinity Ca-Na-Cl brines rarely recorded in secondary fluid inclusions hosted by late calcite likely represent either local shield brines or basinal brines of marine provenance. The study site covers a metallogenetically significant portion of the Late Variscan fluid history within an active crust-scale tectonic zone hosted by basement of the Bohemian Massif. A pronounced Ag enrichment of this vein is mainly caused by widespread occurrence of inclusions of late-stage Ag minerals (dyscrasite) in the vein, which form rich concentrations in the shallower parts of the Haje deposit.

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