Geological and hypogene mineralization characteristics of the hematite-rich Pelusa IOCG prospect, Antofagasta Region, Northern Chile

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中文题名智利北部安托法加斯塔地区富赤铁矿Pelusa IOCG矿床的地质和深生矿床成矿特征
作者Nicolás Carvajal
作者单位Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile Exploration Department, Marimaca Copper Corp., Antofagasta, Chile Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile Shoji Kojima, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Av. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile. Department of Geology, Compañía Minera SCM Franke, Antofagasta, Chile Department of Geology, Compañía Minera SCM Franke, Antofagasta, Chile
刊名Resource Geology
2023
73
01
摘要
The Japón, Tailandia and China Sur deposits in the Pelusa mineralized area correspond to a hematite-dominant IOCG clan within the coastal Cordillera in the Antofagasta Region, Northern Chile, and their mineralization occurs in basaltic to andesitic volcanic rocks of the Jurassic La Negra Formation. In addition to geological and mineralogical descriptions, bulk chemistry of the host rocks, microthermometric and sulfur isotropic analyses were performed to elucidate ore-forming characteristics of the three orebodies. Chemical data of the host rocks indicate a subalkaline calc-alkaline affinity with enrichment of the incompatible LILEs, displaying a typical pattern of igneous rocks formed in subduction zones as a general characteristic of the Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous magmatic arc. Chalcopyrite is the predominant hypogene copper mineral, that variously occurs as veinlets, disseminations and breccia matrix. Fluid inclusions data indicate formation temperatures of the hypogene mineralization ranging mostly from 186 to 377°C, with a high-salinity range of 30.1 and 45.0 wt% NaCl. The sulfur isotopic ratios (δ34SCDT) of pyrite and chalcopyrite present a narrow range of values from −10.6 to −7.5‰. The negative values in the limited range imply that sulfide minerals of the Pelusa area were formed under a relatively oxidizing and/or neutral pH condition, compared with other Chilean IOCG deposits.

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